oxidation stability of fatty acid methyl esters fame and vegetable oils as per en 14112 873 biodiesel rancimat fatty acid methyl esters are usually obtained from oil seeds during manufacture the vegetable oil is transesterified with methanol this produces the methyl esters of the fatty acids present in the oil with glycerol as a byproduct vegetable oils and fatty acid methyl esters have a relatively short storage life as they are slowly oxidized by atmospheric oxygen the resulting oxidation products can damage vehicle motors for this reason the oxidation stability is an important quality criterion for biodiesel and vegetable oils and must therefore be checked regularly during manufacture and storage with the 873 biodiesel rancimat this determination can be carried out simply and reliably the addition of suitable antioxidants slows down the oxidation process the effectiveness of antioxidants can also be determined with the 873 biodiesel rancimat the 873 biodiesel rancimat is a modern pc
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water determination by karl fischer titration water content of biodiesel the water content of biodiesel determines the calorific value and above all the storage life of the fuel biodiesel with a high water content has a clearly lower oxidation stability the lower the oxidation stability the greater the probability that oxidation products will be formed during a longer storage period these could damage the motor in particular the fuel injection system by forming deposits in order to avoid this din en 14 214 limits the water content of biodiesel to 500 ppm the iso standard 12 937 «petroleum products determination of water coulometric karl fischer titration method» describes the coulometric karl fischer titration for determining the water content the 756 and 831 kf coulometers from metrohm easily meet all the specifications stipulated in the standard and are outstandingly suitable for this application in most cases the sample can be injected directly into the reaction solution in orde
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water content of vegetable oils natural or simply filtered vegetable oils can also be used as a fuel for diesel motors in contrast to biodiesel which is obtained by chemically altering the vegetable oil and which can be used in standardized quality with existing motor technology natural vegetable oils require adaptation of the diesel motor as the presence of water favors the cleavage of fatty acids in the vegetable oil standard din v 51 605 limits the permitted water content to 750 ppm the iso standard 12 937 «petroleum products determination of water coulometric karl fischer titration method» is also stipulated as a test method for vegetable oils because of the poor solubility of oils in methanol the use of a solubility promoter is also recommended here water content in bioethanol bioethanol is mixed with gasoline in various ratios in order to reduce both the demand for gasoline and environmental pollution the gasoline-alcohol blend is known in the usa as gasohol and in brazil as
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ph measurement and titrimetric analysis ph measurement the ph value is an important quality criterion for all biofuels a combined ph glass electrode with ground-joint diaphragm is recommended for measuring the ph in organic solvents because of the expected low conductivity of the sample the electrode should be particularly well shielded in order to suppress electrostatic influences the solvotrode with separable ground-joint diaphragm is particularly suitable for measuring the ph of biofuels the ph meter used for the measurement should possess the following glp functions among others · · · · · three-point calibration with automatic buffer recognition temperature compensation calibration data monitoring automatic measured value recording result memory with identification the ph meter 827 ph lab for laboratory use and the handy battery-operated 826 ph mobile offer all these functions with extremely comfortable operation titrimetric determinations · acid number the acid number is a sum par
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· chloride in bioethanol the chloride content in bioethanol fuels is the subject of astm d 512 quantitation can be carried out by mercurimetric or argentometric titration or by direct determination with a cl-selective electrode argentometric titration with silver nitrate is the method of choice because of its environmental advantages and very high precision a defined volume of the sample is pipetted into the titration cell treated with 5 ml nitric acid 2 mol/l and then titrated against silver nitrate solution 0.01 mol/l · sulfate in bioethanol a proven method for sulfate determination is potentiometric titration with lead nitrate using a pb-selective electrode the ph of the sample is adjusted to ph 3 5 with perchloric acid and the sulfate is then precipitated out with lead nitrate solution the pb-selective electrode detects the first excess of lead ions at the equivalence point the titrando the all-rounder for potentiometric titration the wide range of potentiometric applications fo
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ion chromatographic analysis ion chromatography for quality assurance in addition to the determination of the oxidation stability the water content and the acid and iodine numbers the quality requirements for biofuels also cover limits for ionic species alkali metals and alkaline earth metals antioxidants and anions such as chloride and sulfate can be determined by ion chromatography in order to check fulfillment of the requirements of din en 14 214 din v 51 605 and astm d 4806 and therefore prevent motor damage determining alkali metals and alkaline earth metals after esterification and subsequent treatment alkali metals and alkaline earth metals may be present in biodiesel as unwanted residues they form salts with the anions contained in biodiesel and these block the fuel filter in addition to this primary damage secondary damage is caused to the injection pump standard din en 14 214 permits a cumulative concentration of 5 mg/kg for both the alkali metals sodium and potassium and als
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technical specifications and ordering information · determination of oxidation stability 873 biodiesel rancimat technical specifications heating blocks temperature range temperature variation number of samples air throughput conductivity measurement ordering information 2.873.0014 or 2.873.0015 options 6.5616.000 6.1429.050 6.2418.130 2 50 220 °c <0.1 °c 8 4 per heating block 7 25 l/h membrane pump 0 400 s/cm double steel-pin electrode built into measuring vessel cover 873 biodiesel rancimat 230 v with software and accessories 873 biodiesel rancimat 115 v with software and accessories glp test set reaction vessel long length 250 mm for measurements on volatile oils mineral oils and biodiesel blends air inlet tube long length 248 mm for measurements on volatile oils mineral oils and biodiesel blends consumables 6.1428.030 6.1429.040 6.2753.100 6.2418.100 6.1839.000 conductivity measuring vessel glass reaction vessels 117 pcs reaction vessel cover air inlet tubes 117 pcs iso-versinic®
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· ph measurement and titrimetric analysis ph measurement ordering information 2.827.011x 2.826.0010 6.0229.100 6.2104.020 6.2312.010 titrimetric analysis technical specifications titrando universal titrator for up to four 800 dosino dosing systems dynamic det and monotonic met titration endpoint titration set volumetric kf titration 835 and 836 titrandos measurement with ion-selective electrodes meas conc dosing functions with monitoring dos liquid handling with four msb connections one or two electrically isolated measuring interfaces 2 usb slave ports for connection to balance printer pc or barcode reader ordering information acid number 2.809.0010 2.840.0100 2.801.0040 2.800.0010 6.3032.220 6.3032.250 6.0229.100 6.2320.000 iodine number 2.809.0010 2.840.0100 2.801.0040 2.800.0010 6.3032.220 6.0431.100 chloride in bioethanol 2.809.0010 2.840.0100 2.801.0040 2.800.0010 6.3032.220 6.3032.210 6.0430.100 sulfate in bioethanol 2.809.0010 2.840.0100 2.801.0040 2.800.0010 6.3032.220 6.3
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· ion chromatographic analysis technical specifications pump column heating suppressors ic 861 detector ic 861 detector ic 844 low-pulsation serial double-piston pump flow range 0.2 2.5 ml/min for 2 columns range ambient temperature +5 °c 80 °c metrohm suppressor module «msm ii» with 10-year warranty and metrohm co2 suppressor «mcs» conductivity detector 4 measuring ranges 0 50 s/cm 0 250 s/cm 0 1000 s/cm 0 5000 s/cm diode array detector «dad» 3 wavelengths measuring range 190 900 nm ordering information alkali metal and alkaline earth metal determination 2.861.0010 861 advanced compact ic including ic net software 2.838.0120 838 advanced ic dilution sample processor 2.833.0040 833 advanced ic liquid handling dialysis unit 2.800.0010 800 dosino 2.801.0010 801 magnetic stirrer 2.772.0110 772 pump unit 6.1562.130 transfer tubing 10 ml 6.3032.210 dosing unit 10 ml 6.1010.220 metrosep c 2 150 6.1010.200 metrosep c 2 guard 6.2041.440 sample rack 148 x 11 ml antioxidant determination 2.8
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i onanalysis metrohm ltd ch-9101 herisau/switzerland phone +41 71 353 85 85 fax +41 71 353 89 01 www.metrohm.com info@metrohm.com subject to modifications layout by ecknauer+schoch asw printed in switzerland by metrohm ltd herisau 8.043.6003 2007-01
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